OpenStack is an open source platform for cloud computing, providing infrastructure as a service (IaaS). It is built on several main components, each with a specific function. The main components include:
1. Compute (Nova)
Function: Provides computing resources (virtual machines, bare-metal, containers).
Nova manages the creation, scheduling, and destruction of virtual machines or containers.
2. Storage
Block Storage (Cinder)
Function: Provides block storage for applications.
Commonly used as a virtual hard drive for virtual machines.
Object Storage (Swift)
Function: Stores data as objects.
Suitable for storing large, unstructured data, such as images or backups.
3. Networking (Neutron)
Function: Manages networking for OpenStack resources.
Provides the ability to create and manage virtual networks, IP addresses, firewalls, and load balancing.
4. Dashboard (Horizon)
Function: Web interface for managing and using OpenStack.
Easily manage resources without command lines.
5. Identity (Keystone)
Function: Manage user authentication and authorization.
Provides login services, token creation, and permission policy management.
6. Image Service (Glance)
Function: Manage operating system images.
Store, share, and initialize virtual machines from available images.
7. Orchestration (Heat)
Function: Automatically deploy and manage complex applications through configuration files (templates).
Integrate multiple OpenStack resources into an automated system.
8. Telemetry (Ceilometer)
Function: Collect monitoring and measurement data.
Used to monitor, calculate, and manage resources.
9. Bare Metal Provisioning (Ironic)
Function: Manage physical hardware (bare-metal).
Supports operating system deployment directly on hardware.
10. Container Infrastructure (Zun/Magnum)
Zun: Manage containers such as Docker or Kubernetes.
Magnum: Provide Kubernetes or Docker Swarm on OpenStack.
11. DNS Service (Designate)
Function: Manage DNS as a service.
Supports automation and integration with network components.
12. Workflow (Mistral)
Function: Automate workflows.
Support writing scripts to perform repetitive tasks.
13. Shared File Systems (Manila)
Function: Provide shared file storage services (NFS, CIFS).
Support using shared storage resources between virtual machines.
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